The Scent of Time: Do You Like the Aroma of Books?

 

Do You Like the Smell of Libraries

The scent of old books is beloved by many, and I am one of them. You can also ask book collectors about their feelings toward this distinctive aroma.

The secret behind this scent lies in the fact that many library materials, such as books—whether old or new—emit hundreds of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which contribute to their characteristic smell. These compounds originate from various sources: some result over time from the degradation of paper and binding materials, while others come from the materials used in the production of these items, such as adhesives, inks, and chemical treatments applied to paper during manufacturing.

Old books have a unique aroma, a blend of chemistry and time. This distinct smell primarily results from the breakdown of cellulose and lignin in the paper, which releases various aromatic compounds, meaning that the paper's composition influences the VOCs released. Books made from wood pulp paper, in particular, contain a higher percentage of lignin, leading to the production of a more complex array of chemical compounds.

There is no single chemical responsible for this scent; rather, it is a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds resulting from both the manufacturing materials and the gradual decomposition of paper components over time.

Sherif Afifi - King's Library, The British Library 

However, the accumulation of these VOCs in poorly ventilated environments can affect respiratory health, especially for individuals with allergies. Therefore, applying preventive conservation measures—such as ensuring proper ventilation, monitoring relative humidity and temperature levels to prevent fungal growth and the spread of mold spores, regularly cleaning to remove dust and fine particles, and wearing personal protective equipment PPE when handling contaminated materials or working in unsuitable environments—is essential. These practices not only protect the books but also safeguard the individuals handling them.

Some conservators may seek to eliminate this scent during conservation processes. However, in my point of view, the chemistry behind these aromas adds another layer of charm and historical significance to these treasured items.